The Federal Marshals During the Pullman Strike This is a fascinating and troubling detail that often gets glossed over in broader histories of the strike. The marshal situation was genuinely chaotic and revealed how the federal government's intervention was far…

The Pullman Strike of 1894 The Pullman Strike was one of the most significant and far-reaching labor conflicts in American history, ultimately involving hundreds of thousands of workers across the country and forcing a landmark confrontation between federal power and…

Judge Joseph Easton Gary — A Closer Look Joseph Gary is one of the more complex and troubling judicial figures of the Gilded Age — a man who saw himself as a pillar of civilization and order, while critics then…

The Haymarket Trial Jury — Names and Backgrounds This is a great question that gets into the granular historical record. The jury composition was heavily documented precisely because it became central to the appeals and the later pardons. Here is…

The Haymarket Trial: A Closer Look Jury Selection — A Rigged Process The juror you're referring to was Henry Ryce, a clerk who during voir dire (jury selection) openly admitted he had already formed an opinion that the defendants were…